Personality and Leadership style Essay

1. Personality Over six billion people live on this planet, yet no two of us are alike. Our differences are predominantly reflected in our distinctive actions and our personal appearances. For centuries, people have wondered what makes each of us act the way we do. During this wonderment, people have come to the conclusion that actions reveal our character traits, which in turn reveal our personality. Our personality makes us unique. Furthermore, people distinguish themselves from others by their personal blend of characteristics and the level of emphasis placed on each trait. This distinction reflects our personality and makes us who we are: one in six billion. Personality is defined as a unique blend of traits characterizing individuals, and influencing their interaction with their environment. The terms personality, characteristics and traits are used interchangeably throughout this paper. They refer to those variables judged to be most important and relevant to a variety of human functions, specifically leadership, which further distinguish an individual and influence his/her interaction with his/her environment. In Army for example, the Army’s Leadership manual lists seven values, three attributes, four skills and three actions as the fundamental leadership characteristics for effective leaders. Character is described in terms of an individual’s values and attributes, and is the sum total of an individual’s personal traits. 2. Leadership styles A combination of influencing others and accomplishing the desired goal is essential in defining leadership. A leader is a leader because he or she has followers. One thing that distinguishes the process of leading is the willingness of the followers. People with authority, such as police officers, can force people to do things they do not want to do, but this is not leadership. Leaders inspire, challenge, enable, empower and encourage others to want to follow them to accomplish their shared missions or goals. Leadership is a dynamic process that deserves study. Leadership is a quality  and a skill, which is both admired and needed in our military and our society. As pointed out in the definitions, leadership is a relational process involving personal interactions between leaders and followers. Leaders must continue to expand their understanding of themselves, their role in leadership, and develop their own leadership skills. One way to understand leadership is to review the various leadership theories that have evolved over the past century. Many organizations require from leaders the ability to set and communicate goals, motivate, inspire initiative and empower the followers and facilitate change. Such style of leadership is known as transformational. On the other hand they may require effectively coordinating the subordinates in accordance with procedures and standards; this type of leadership is typically referred as transactional. The attributes of transformational and transactional styles are further explained below. There is a link between an individual’s personality and the leadership style individuals are most comfortable with and more likely to use. The connection between personality and leadership style was noted by several researchers and leadership specialists (e.g. Bass, 2000, 2008; Pillai, Schriesheim, & Williams, 1999; de Charon, 2003). It is important to understand your natural leadership style so you can capitalize on your natural leadership strengths (or be aware of and address your natural weaknesses) for your career development, self-fulfillment and success at the workplace. Jung Typology Profiler for Workplaceâ„ ¢ determines the most likely natural leadership style of an individual based on personality type and the expressiveness of various behavioral qualities such as vision, power, resourcefulness, empathy and other behavioral qualities. Based on your personality assessment, the JTPW Career Development Profile provides practical tips for becoming a more effective leader (or a more content worker if leadership is not your strength) and indicates possible pitfall. 3. Relationship between Personality and Leadership styles The question of personality influences on leadership has been off studied but still presents a source of controversy. The unique blend of traits of a leader’s personality creates his or her leadership style and determines the quality of their leadership ability. Individuals with certain personality traits including integrity and honesty, vision, personal courage, good  judgment, compassion, intelligence and knowledge, self-confidence, perseverance, enthusiasm, and initiative are more likely to become effective leaders. Four personality types are more likely to become effective leaders. ISTJ, ESTJ, ENTJ, and INTJ account for roughly 78 percent of middle grade to flag rank officers in the United States military. All of these personality types include thinking and judging (TJ). These four types, however, make up only 30 percent of the general population. Ninety-five percent of senior military leaders are thinkers, leaving only five percent as compassionate feelers. People who h ave task-oriented personality types tend to have considerable focus on details. They are not comfortable initiating an action-plan until they are satisfied they have all the necessary facts. On the other hand, people who have relations-oriented personality types tend to have considerable focus on the result and are comfortable initiating an action-plan when they have just the essential facts (Blake & Mouton, 1982). Therefore, it is important for a leader to understand personality and accurately adjust leadership style to the management situation. The combination of leadership style and personality type appears to meld into a psychological combination that produces the ethos of a leader. â€Å"Leaders are not just identified by their leadership styles, but also by their personalities, their awareness of themselves and others, and their appreciation of diversity, flexibility, and paradox† (Handbury, 2001, p. 11). In addition, McGregor (1960) states, â€Å"It is quite unlikely that there is a single basic pattern of abilities and personality trait characteristics of all leaders. The personality characteristics of the leader are not unimportant, but those which are e ssential differ considerably depending on the circumstances† | Relationship Between Leadership and Personality 2(p. 180). Therefore, it may indeed, make a difference in ascertaining personality type in order to determine the correct job match between an employee and his or her colleagues. Hogan & Kaiser (2005) define leadership as being about the performance of groups / teams. They argue that measuring personality is a valid predictor of leadership capability, when looked at from two perspectives, firstly how you think about yourself, and secondly, how others think about you, (Reputation). The two aspects of reputation they identify are the bright  side, or when our social performance is at its best (In interview for example), and the dark side, which reflects the impression you make when you are off guard, or at your worst. The behaviors or tendencies you display in the dark side tend to be concealed by well practiced social skills, but over a longer time period, for instance in a work/career scenario, the dark side will negatively impact relationships with others. Many well practiced and refined candidates perform well in interview, using their social skills to mask their true behavior as a leader. The use of a trait model, where certain personality characteristic s are seen as predictors or indicators of good leadership, are able to give a below the surface profile of a potential leader, and provider sign posts to potential problems. Hogan & Kaiser make the important connection between personality and organizational performance through the importance of leadership style (Shaped by personality) shaping employee attitudes and the effective functioning of the team, which subsequently drives, or hinders, organizational effectiveness. Where personality is shaped in are younger years, and therefore less developable during are adult years, the skills approach focuses on the skills and knowledge required by a leader to be successful. The skills approach uses 3 skill areas, technical, human and conceptual and postulates that leadership ability is trainable. That is not to say that the skills model completely excludes the importance of personality as one of the three components of the skills model involves personal attributes which includes personality, cognitive ability and motivation. The style approach to leadership emphasis the importance of behavior, which is different from the personal characteristics approach of personality based models such as the trait approach. A big question of course is can leaders behave in a way that contradicts their natural characteristics or personality? Perhaps in the short term, but on an ongoing basis? Using a tool such as the leadership grid appears to oversimplify the behaviors of leadership and shows little connection between the model of style and business performance. What good is a model, if it lacks predictive capabilities? Likewise who is to say that there is a certain style of  leadership most suited to a specific situation! Situational leadership recognizes that certain leaders are more successful in certain situations and espouses the need for leaders to flex and adapt their style to match the situation. Leadership style within a situational model of leadership focuses on the two spectrums of support and direction, and requires behavior to be adapted across both. When you look at some of the underpinning drivers of leadership approaches such as style, situation, and skill, we would argue that personality plays an important part. Our issue with all these models, including the trait model, is that for all the research and academic debate that has gone on over the last half century, why are we still so poor at predicting leadership success? Perhaps leadership of more of an art than a science and therefore the factors of success are less definable than we may wish for, the trait approach can be a useful tool in identifying who will not be successful in a leadership role. However, using an endless list of traits, based on some theoretical model of leadership. Using the big five however, (Myers 2007, pp618 -620) and being clear regarding the consequences of an individual’s profile on the role you are looking to fill can be a valuable process to undertake. For us, businesses spend too much time looking to select people into a role and not enough focus on selecting people out of a role. In other words, identify those key characteristics, such as emotional instability, low drive, and a lack of conscientiousness, that should exclude a candidate from a process, and then consider their skills, style, and ability to adapt to different situations to inform your choice. A final though on this subject is the different between Abell’s approach to linking leadership with strategy, a forward looking approach, and the immobility of approaches such as the skills approach, which appear more focused on management tasks rather than the leadership of future success. We would argue that this gives more support to the idea of using a personality based approach, such as that proposed by Hogan & Kaiser (2005), looking for that magic ingredient of leader who can transform the organisation, and more importantly transform the hearts and minds of the workforce.

Vikings Art and Culture

The Vikings Art and Culture At first thought of the Vikings, the comic strip â€Å"Hagar the Horrible† comes to mind. As this is probably not a good basis for reference, it still can give slight glimpse, if not a distorted one, of the Viking culture. As for Viking art, a more in depth search must be done, for â€Å"Hagar† was unfortunately not actually made by the Vikings. The Viking culture was a primitive one of agriculture, hunting, and fishing. Families lived on farms together and were a tight knit labor force. During sowing time, the men would all work together from before dawn until after dark to tend to the field, and the women would work on providing the daily necessities, such as food, clothes, and cleaning. The wife would also occasionally help in the fields, and the children would start helping out from a very young age doing their respective duties. There were less than five months of growing season in their northern climate, so the Viking husband of the farm would plant the crops and then look toward the sea. He would head out with his neighbors for a pleasant summer of pillaging in the south. Then, he would return in the fall in time for the harvest. His wife would control all affairs of the household until he returned. If he should not return due to an unfortunate accident, his wife would inherit the land, business, and any other wealth. The eldest son of the family would take over the family farm, and the younger sons would go out to find their own careers as they became of age, possibly Vikings. Family was very important to the Viking people; it was a powerful unit of protection. Much like today, families provided support and assistance, and it was to their family that a person owed their obligation. A close family bond is evident as husbands, wives, and children would erect runes in honor of each other; husbands to their wives, wives to their husbands, and children to their parents. Runes were decorated monuments with inscriptions and verses for their deceased family, much as a tombstone would be now, and were often placed in public places so that they would be seen. They also normally lived as a nucleic family, much like today, with the mother, father, and the children in the household. It was fairly uncommon to have extended family such as grandparents to live with them; most likely, because it was rare to live past the age of forty and most people did not enter the role of grandparent. As much as the Vikings were known as looters and pillagers, they were also formidable merchants. Many of their journeys were commercial and put them in contact with the farthest reaches of the world. Trade became a very important part of their culture. While there are many stereotypes of the Viking people, such as dirty, smelly, illiterate, drunkard savages most are probably misconceptions. While they probably were dirty and smelly after sailing across the sea and maybe did not bathe that often because of the cold weather, one can assume that it was for a purpose rather than just being ignorant. The notion that they were illiterate is wrong; they simply had their own writing system with an alphabet called runic. The letters were mostly made up of vertical and diagonal lines, which made them suitable for carving into wood. As far as the drunkard part, that is most likely the truest stereotype of them all. It is believed that the Vikings were very heavy drinkers. They would drink ale and mead, which is also called honey wine and made from fermented honey. Wine was something that was part of their trade voyages, as grapes did not grow in the cold Scandinavian climate. It is true that the Vikings pillaged many towns and killed many innocent people who came in their path, and while it was terrible, this description is coming from the people who were attacked and showing them in their worst light. In reality, a Viking was only a Viking while at sea, once he returned home there was no more pillaging. It was back to the farm, the family, and normal everyday life. So, were they savages? Yes, to certain people they were, but to others, no. The art of the Vikings was not really art in the sense of the word. There was no art for art sake; it was mostly applied art. Their skills were used to decorate items of daily use. Weapons and ships were intricately decorated, as were drinking vessels, runes, and jewelry. This proved their affinity for showing off their wealth and rank with whatever their possessions were. Most of the art that has survived is made of metal even though most commonly leather, wood, and bone were used. Their art was not naturalistic, but instead abstract. A common theme art was distorted and disfigured animals. Animals were a dominant subject, as they seemed to have an endless devotion to them as a source of inspiration. The gripping beast is one motif that started in the Broa Style; it is a strong, muscular animal that is shown full face with its paws gripping either itself or another nimal. The gripping beast is shown on the Oseberg ship along with two other animal motifs, S-shaped animals with ribbon-like bodies, and semi-naturalistic animals and birds. Being confronted with these images, one could not but be in awe of the energy of the decoration. Many different styles of Viking art have been identified, but no new style can be said to mark the beginning of the Vikin g age in Scandinavia, they grew out of the art styles of earlier centuries, the first being the Broa style, followed by the Borre, then the Jellinge, Mammen, Ringerike, and finally the Urnes. The styles all vary slightly, but still keep with the distorted animal theme. The art of the Viking age influenced many different cultures because of their worldly travels, and they have influenced our culture in a way that we may never comprehend. They have intertwined themselves into the fabric of so many different cultures, that many of us could be part Viking.

Marijuana and Illness - 1063 Words

Marijuana and Illness One of the major challenges with patient management and care is the alleviation and or reduction of pain. Pain and discomfort accompanies most medical procedures and consequently strenuous efforts are made by medical doctors provide pain relief to their patients. The tools available to doctors are very limited and most have undesirable side effects. Some of the more potent pain relievers have the potential to become addictive. Consequently, there is a need for a pain relief option that relieves pain but it is not addictive. Marijuana provides doctors with a powerful pain relief option with limited negative side effects. The potency of marijuana as a pain reliever makes it a valuable alternative to more potent and addictive pain relievers. The debate surrounding the use of marijuana for medical purposes often descends into the arena of emotion. It is therefore critical to firstly examine some characteristics of marijuana. This ensures that some of the myths surrounding the use of the herb are dispelled. Subsequently consideration will be given to comparing its pain relief benefits to that of some of the more potent drugs in use in hospitals. It should be noted that marijuana has been in use for medicinal purposes for thousands of years (Medical marijuana benefits 2010). Both the Indians and the Chinese have through their literature demonstrated the use of marijuana as late as the 10th century. An interesting note is that in Tibet it is considered asShow MoreRelatedShould Marijuana Be Legalized? Essay1049 Words   |  5 Pagespeople think that marijuana is dangerous should be considered as illegal drug, I firmly believe that marijuana should be legalized medically and recreationally. Marijuana provides its user relaxation and peacefulness which indicates that the drug does not influence bad or criminal actions. However, marijuana is still illegal in some areas where dangerous products like alcohol are legal. In the field of medicine, marijuana is one of the safest drugs among all medications nowadays. Marijuana is a very uniqueRead MoreMarijuana Should Be Legal For Medicinal Purposes924 Words   |  4 PagesMarijuana Sh ould Be Legal for Medicinal Purposes You may be surprised, but there are many benefits to medical marijuana. Marijuana should only be legal for medicinal conditions because of the benefits to treat diseases and symptoms. The medical conditions would be inflammation, brain injury, etc... Marijuana should be legalized as it’s been recommended by the doctor for the dosage because it is good for other medical conditions such as chronic pain, brain injury, inflammation, and other symptomsRead MoreLegalization Of Marijuana For Medical Use1537 Words   |  7 PagesLegalizing Medical Marijuana Elizabeth Vogt ENC 1101 Professor Ruppert Keiser University October 23, 2014 Abstract Many people have different opinions on the delicate topic of the legalization of marijuana for medical use. Although it could help those who suffer from chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting (CINV), cachexia, spasticity, pain and rheumatoid arthritis, it also has a lot of negative side effects that many doctors and physicians are trying to inform the public. Some of these negativeRead MoreMarijuan Should It Be Legal?867 Words   |  4 PagesEnglish 101 Marijuana: Should it be legal? Many people have their own beliefs about marijuana legalization in the United States. Legalization advocates say that marijuana would help with cancer patients and people with other painful diseases cope with the pain, nausea, etc. Also, it would create more jobs and free up the jails. On the contrary, those against legalization say it would give addicts more opportunity to experiment with other, stronger drugs. The legalization of marijuana would benefitRead MorePros And Cons Of Legalization Of Marijuana784 Words   |  4 Pages According to the English Oxford Living Dictionaries (2017), marijuana is â€Å"Cannabis, especially as smocked or consumed as a psychoactive (mind-altering) drug.† Although marijuana is illegal by the federal law, 29 states have legalized the use of medical marijuana, and in 8 states anyone over the age of 21 can buy marijuana (Nathan, D. L., Clark, H. W., Elders, J, 2017, p. 1746). Many Americans tend to experiment with drugs when put in a certain social event, but rarely abuse drugs or become a drugRead MoreEssay on Up in Smoke: Effects of Maijuana635 Words   |  3 PagesUp In Smoke Marijuana has been around as long as 2700 B.C. There is evidence that the Chinese used the drug for treatment of rheumatism, malaria, and absent-mindedness, among other things. The Spanish brought marijuana to America in the 1500’s, and the English brought it to Jamestown in 1611. After the English bought the crop over, it was considered a principle crop. They primarily started growing the crop for the use of hemp rope. The English were uncertain of the hallucinogenic properties theRead MoreEssay on Marijuana vs. Cigarettes1012 Words   |  5 Pagesthat everyone can smoke them. Marijuana on the other hand is nowhere nearly as harmful as cigarettes but is illegal and looked at as if it were far worse than cigarettes. 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Unfortunately, our society has become a very critical crowd towards the legalization of marijuana due to the stereotypical view of the kind of people who are considered â€Å"pot smokers.† This contorted perception ofRead MoreArgumentative Essay On Smoking Marijuana1001 Words   |  5 Pagesdiscussion was about a tv character smoking marijuana, and I went on talking about the benefits and how it is a natural plant and not a natural plant mixed with many other things. There have been a very few negative issues with marijuana versus cigarettes which has been linked to deaths, illness, and addiction just to name a few things. It seems like marijuana would be the cure to the cancer and a few other illnesses that ci garettes can cause, the smoke from the marijuana plant does not cause as many issuesRead MoreBenefits of Medical Marijuana Essay990 Words   |  4 Pages Legalizing Marijuana Marijuana is a very controversial and obtrusive issue in our society today. Although many have made malicious remarks about it in the past, and even still in the present, the truth and beneficial facts of marijuana are finally resurfacing. Unfortunately, our society has become a very critical crowd towards the legalization of marijuana due to the stereotypical view of the kind of people who are considered â€Å"pot smokers†. This contorted perception of a lazy and unmotivated America

What Does Essay Topics for Ielts with Answers Mean?

What Does Essay Topics for Ielts with Answers Mean? Make sure that each section is related with the upcoming section and the key ideas have to flow smoothly. Some individuals have asked me if words like the are counted only once no matter how many times they're used. You've got to determine how to handle your time in the very first place by dividing the time accordingly. What a lovely soul that man had once I began chatting with him, and I may haven't had the occasion to see it if it was not for the time that I chose to give him that day when organizing his closet. You will chance to be not happy having the specific aid. TECHNOLOGY The web has transformed the way information is shared and consumed, but additionally, it has created problems which did not exist before. There's no connection with the present, thus we use the very simple past. More research should be done before deciding upon a specific supplier. Luckily, there are lots of alternatives accessible for students who want to get assistance with their essay writing. Some folks claim that students should concentrate on the subjects they are interested or in best at, while some think that should learn all school subjects. My poor students would be quite so overwhelmed they'd wind up quitting. In some countries students who don't behave are requested to leave the school permanently. The variety of technology available for individuals will raise the gap between the wealthy and poor. Thus the countries' government should offer various wellness teaching and wellness programs for their town to educate their people and so help them to get a better mindset about wellness. Oil and coal are the primary sources of energy in many nations. As you prepare for the IELTS exam, you ought to be working to construct your vocabulary for a selection of topics. The IELTS examination was made to test your capacity to communicate in English, so finally you can't score nicely with no massive quantity of Eng lish. It's normal to fail IELTS many times. Essay Topics for Ielts with Answers - the Story Perform how good you're in communicating. Make sure that you do not repeat your ideas here. In Speaking, don't attempt to provide a prepared speech, or chat about a different topic from the one you're requested to discuss. All the suggestions and thoughts ought to be related to the topic. You don't want the reader to believe that they are missing something when they finish reading what you've written. Additionally, it's a fantastic concept to provide some minutes in the limit to rate your language and also be sure to possess never produced any errors. No one would like to leave an article which they are reading with questions unanswered. It's wise that you go for a persuasive language as a way to communicate with the reader since it's an amazing convincing tool. The Battle Over Essay Topics for Ielts with Answers and How to Win It Follow our simple strategies and remember the so le thing that may force you to produce bad writing is worrying too much! Nowadays people reside in a society where consumer goods are comparatively cheaper to purchase. Last words of advice here is that you also have to read about the other religions in order to find a better mastery of the term religion. Other folks say that individuals ought to be permitted to work for as long as they are able and wish to. For example, if you're bad at reading, make sure that you work hard to develop into a better reader. If there is just one principal insight, it's fine to only have one paragraph here. If you're writing an opinion essay, make sure that you can determine either side of the problem. Expository composing's major objective is going to be to explain. So, essay writing is actually a challenging job to handle if you don't follow the most suitable plan. In the conclusion, the thesis does not need to be stated directly, but if you compose an essay you need to be certain that the reader remembers the crucial points. This portion of your essay should indulge the readers in an attempt to kick the composition off perfect. Ultimately, writing a brief essay will enable you to return and resolve any errors you have made.

Workshop 8 Questions - 1211 Words

300585 - Systems Analysis Design Workshop 8 Workshops will run to cover the practical aspects of the topic each week with two workshop case studies that runs across the whole semester and some other examples time to time. The workshop runs in two parts ï‚ · ï‚ · Workshop slides Workshop questions o This document contains two parts o Part A contains two case studies and questions that are to be done in workshop with the help of tutor (to be done in Group of 2 students). Task 1 of this part would always refer to Willow brook Case study and rest of the tasks may relate to a continuous (UWS Transport Management System) or some additional case studies o Part B contains questions and tasks related to case studies that individual students need to†¦show more content†¦The entities are account, customer and transaction The customer: †¢ has a name and customer id (the primary key) †¢ can have one and only one account linked The account: †¢ has a balance †¢ can have zero or more transactions The transaction: †¢ has an amount and a date †¢ can involve only one account Question Create an ERD for the UWS Transport Management information system with relationships and cardinalities Part B: Portfolio exercises to be included in Portfolio submissions Please note that Task1 of Part B is a continuing case study Task 1 On the Spot Courier Services As On the Spot Courier Services continues to grow, Bill discovers that he can provide much better services to his customers if he utilizes some of the technology that is currently available. Bill is now thinking his process flow for his same day delivery system and how it is tracked. The following is his explanation: This involves use of an RFID device known as sapphire to scan bar code of each shipment at customer site and thereafter download the data stored in the sapphire to the computer server in the office. Consequently, the various means of checking the status of shipment includes web based tracking using a unique bill number and use of mobile SMS where a customer sends an SMS to a particular telephone number and the details of the shipment sent as a reply after few minutes. TelephoneShow MoreRelatedThe Benefits Of Networking In Marketing960 Words   |  4 PagesThe interactive workshop will also be marketed as a networking opportunity for managers and leaders to exchange contacts and ideas for future business deals. Networking is a great way to incentivize participation in a workshop with external candidates. The organizers will send named invitations and advertise the event to the people who are expected to be present. The marketers will encourage the potential participants to network be fore the event by sharing their contact details and information aboutRead More2360 Electrical Installation Work Course C1076 Words   |  5 PagesQUESTION 1a Block L will be powered by a single phase 100A distribution board. Power One ring circuit will provide power for the generator/switch room and substation room and will be protected by a 32A type C BS EN 60898 RCBO. An RCBO will be used because equipment could be plugged in and taken outside and it will be type C because inductive loads could be plugged in. The other ring circuit will provide power for the workshop and restroom and will also be protected by a 32A type C BS EN 60898Read MoreSuggestions For Apsi From Billie Jean Clemens937 Words   |  4 Pagesapproach to history that emphasizes the application of historical thinking skills while still holding students accountable for a core of knowledge? The workshops, through collaborative conversations and the development of quality lesson plans, need to educate teachers as to what this really looks like in the classroom. 2. Above all, the workshops need to emphasize the crucial role of historical thinking skills; how one would teach those skills; AND, how those skills are assessed on the test. WhileRead MoreThe Implementation Of Music Therapy Workshop Essay1398 Words   |  6 Pagesthe eight-hour â€Å"implementation of music therapy workshop† to promote competence of the therapy. Money: Participants will be paid a stipend for participating for the duration of the workshop. An estimated financial need is $2,500. An $825 budget will be set aside for the participants’ stipend, and the rest of the financial need is for training aids and music equipment. Expertise: Participants are required to apply the knowledge gained from the workshop to prove their competence of the therapy. HandsRead MoreFinancial Service Representative Planning Training Form847 Words   |  4 Pagesclient in order to gain the trust to meet for a scheduled appointment. They will also be expected to answer the Banking Center main line and turn inbound service calls into meetings. The FSR is expected when leading meetings to use open-ended questions and complete the life goals/Net Worth online tools with each client. This is implemented in order to understand clients short term and long term goals as well as being able to identify additional opportunities they may not have been aware of. 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What are some common misconceptions

Cigarette Products in Asian Countries

Question: Discuss about the Cigarette Products in Asian Countries. Answer: Introduction: In this case it is identified that company has been facing ethical issues in its marketing strategy for introducing new cigarette products in Asian countries. It is observed by analyzing facts and figure of this case that top management and marketing manager both are in contradiction position for preparing packaging of products. In this question adamantine study has been prepared on the introduction of cigarettes in Asian market. There are various answers given below which satisfy all the asked sub questions in given manner. Health warning in some Asian countries is optional and in some countries it is mandatory. Ideally major stakeholders in the debate on the health warning on cigarette packs are manufactures, governments, employees, consumers, pharmaceutical companies, medical profession and other persons whosoever have direct and indirect connotation with the business functioning Big business tobacco or anyone who is impacted by or could impact upon from the cigarette selling of Big business tobacco. However, in this debate the main impact on this debate would be considered from the government policies prepared in Asian countries. Moreover, in order to keep products more standardized Top management should include tis warning on the cigarette packages. It would eventually results into more ethical business process for Big business tobacco. Therefore it would be said that government and clients in the countries in which cigarette products are sold are the main stakeholders for the organization. All the marketing strategy and customization of products should be dependent upon their choice of action and policies framed in particulars countries (Thomas Bond, 2012). In the given question it is observed that management department of Big business tobacco is facing problem regarding whether to include health warning on cigarette packages or not. Tobacco industry is very unethical industry as the products offered by this industry has long term bad effects on human bodies. However, in some of Asian counties as per their government policies it is mandatory to add on this warning on cigarette packages and in some of countries it is not required to put this warning on packages. However, company not depicting health warning may result into loss of huge potential market share. In addition, there is other thought that if company complies with the health warning policies in all of Asian countries then it will result into creation of effective brand image. Therefore it is observed that company should comply with the health warning issue policies in all the countries for the sake of ethical business practice. It would result into creation of effective bran im age and will help organization to discharge its corporate social responsibilities to the extent (Gore, 2015). Other ethical issues Big business tobacco is offering unethical products e.g. cigarette and other tobacco products which affect the human body and they are addictive, dangerous and cause environmental damage very drastically. Top management of company is considering earning profit and increment in its market share and does not have any concern regarding the human health and ethical issues. Advertisement strategy which is considering by Big business tobacco is not ethical and misleading about cigarette (Lancet, 2012). Merry bender the marketing manager of Big business tobacco has been opposing the health detrimental warning. If I were to be Randall hedges then I would comply with all the advertisement policies and program to increase the brand image of the organization. However, including this heath warning will not only increase the ethical business practice of Big business tobacco but also it will help to increase the market share of cigarette products in Asian market. It is observed that including health warning is in trend especially in tobacco products and increase the genuinely of the cigarette products in Asian market segments. Therefore being in the position of Randall Hedges I would showcase all the pros and cons of this marketing strategies to Mary Bender. It will help top management to identify how having ethical marketing strategy will increase the brand image of organization. Moreover company should indulge in making complete level of disclosure of cause and effects of cigarette on hu man body. Now as per my own view Big business tobacco should add on health warning in its products to increase the ethical business practice. This industry is highly accompanied with the unethical business functioning and providing detrimental effects on human body (Laverty, et. al., 2014). Reference Gore, J. (2015), "Ethical Issues",AJN, American Journal of Nursing,vol. 115, no. 3, pp. 13-13. Lancet, T. (2012), "Tobacco industry versus tobacco control",Lancet (London, England),vol. 379, no. 9830, pp. 1924. Laverty, A.A., Watt, H.C., Arnott, D. Hopkinson, N.S. (2014), "Standardised packaging and tobacco-industry-funded research",Lancet (London, England),vol. 383, no. 9926, pp. 1384 Thomas, D.P. Bond, L. (2012), "The tobacco industry and Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people".

Reflection Upon Ebl and Ipl Essay Example

Reflection Upon Ebl and Ipl Essay Reflection on the experience of EBL and IPL, including discussion of group processes and my own personal contribution. Within term A of year one I have been introduced to the concepts of Evidence based and Inter-professional learning. These methods of learning are central to the work of a qualified nurse. One of the essential skills of Nursing is self awareness. Burnard 1992:25 tells us that self awareness is â€Å"the continuous and evolving process of getting to know who you are†. This practice is promoted by the interaction required when working in groups. I have found this to be one of the key concepts I have taken from the first term. Tuckman describes the five stages of group processes as forming, storming, norming, performing, and the latterly added adjourning. Having read Tuckman’s theory, I can recognise his theories in the experience I have undergone in EBL in particular. This may have been because IPL commenced after the initial stages of EBL had already occurred, and as such I recognised the same stages as I had already experienced in EBL, meaning that these were not such a learning curve in the latterly formed IPL group. We will write a custom essay sample on Reflection Upon Ebl and Ipl specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Reflection Upon Ebl and Ipl specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Reflection Upon Ebl and Ipl specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer Tuckman’s first stage of ‘Forming’ refers to the period directly following the creation of the group, in which the individuals are becoming acclimatised to the boundaries within the group, both on a professional and interpersonal basis, forming and testing relationships. This was an interesting stage within our EBL group formation as it almost regressed us back to our school days, the assigned group leader – or facilitator assuming the role of the teacher, the group choosing specific seats, and returning to these same seats for each meeting; politely raising hands in order to make a point to the group. At this stage the individual may be acutely self aware, in a way which limits their participation in the group, or lacking any self awareness in a way which potentially damages the aim of the group, distracts, and delays progress. Certainly I could identify both of these behaviours within my own EBL group. The second stage identified by Tuckman is that of ‘Storming’. This is conflict stemming from inter-personal issues that produces a resistance to group influence and requirements. I believe that this stage was certainly evident within EBL, and occurred very quickly. Personally I experienced agitation at the behaviour of others within the group who I felt were jeopardising our learning and progress by not producing work as required, while at the same time appearing non constructively critical of the opinions of others who were providing a full contribution to the group. I am aware that my own agitation at the behaviour of those I felt were jeopardising the aim of the group in turn probably contributed to the ‘Storming’ phase of the group, yet found this difficult to deal with. Perhaps I judged others in the group using my own values or ideology – that I had entered into this group to study Nursing and was extremely anxious to use this time in the most effective way to learn and share learning. Perhaps the very fact that we had entered this group through choice rather than instruction, and the nature of the career the group as a whole wished to pursue made it difficult to understand those that were not as focused on their studies. Interestingly, I am not sure whether the group as a whole emerged from the ‘Storming’ Phase of EBL. Certainly the group progressed and matured from the initial weeks, yet I am not sure whether this was as a whole, or rather with the acceptance that some group members would not make a valid contribution to the group and that the remainder would have to make up for this potential deficit in learning. As such, perhaps the group entered its ‘Norming’ stage without completely overcoming the storming stage, or becoming complicit to the shared set of values drawn up and agreed in the forming stage. Norming within this EBL group was the progression to accomplishing tasks with less involvement from the facilitator, and less internal group argument and criticism. The fourth stage outlined by Tuckman is that of Performing. The group should be highly skilled and working as a tight unit, requiring no input from a leader or facilitator. I certainly do not feel that our EBL group attained this level, yet interestingly I feel it was attained by our IPL group from the second meeting. Perhaps this is due to the fact that within IPL we have the added element of respecting each other’s professions, and the requirement to trust what we are told by other group members as we have not undergone the same experience or learning. Within EBL, as a group of student Nurses from the same cohort, there is an understanding that we have all experienced the same level of teaching thus far in our course and that we should all be capable to the same basic level. Unfortunately this did not seem to translate itself to our BL, where our very different opinions and understandings of what we were required to do both within our learning group and research means that while we were able to agree on learning outcomes and complete the research each week, we certainly required guidance from our facilitator, and there was a very apparent acceptance that some individuals did not participate in a satisfactory manner, and would continue to disrupt the group and its purpose. Perhaps the fact that our EBL group did not successfully complete the four stages of Forming, Storming, Norming and Performing, gave me a slightly different outlook upon the fifth latterly added stage of adjourning. Adjourning is also referred to as the mourning period. A period Tuckman tells us we should prepare for from the formation of the group. Tuckman tells us this can be a stressful period, especially where unplanned. We were made aware from the initial group formation that the process would only be five weeks in length, however rather than holding this knowledge to use as acceptance once the group dissolved, I found myself and others in the group referring to it often to get us through the difficult and seemingly endless storming phase our group produced. Knowing that the group would adjourn helped me greatly in accepting the behaviour of others that I do not find appropriate or otherwise tolerable. I have found the entire process of EBL extremely useful if not always enjoyable. It has been interesting in that we drew up our shared values and acceptable behaviour on the very first meeting at the suggestion of our facilitator – something I have never done when involved in group work previously, yet this group turned out to be perhaps the least successful group I have been involved in, not abiding by the shared values set out at the point of creation, and storming throughout the entire process, at times jeopardising the very purpose of the group’s creation. Burnard, Philip. | Title    | Know yourself! :  self-awareness activities for nurses and other health professionals /  Philip Burnard. | Publisher    | London :  Whurr,  1997 |